10+2 Physics Full syllabus Board Examination Question paper 2025

10+2 Physics Full syllabus Board Examination Guess Paper 2025

 Class 12th

Subject: - Physics (Theory)

TIME 3 Hrs.
Instructions
The question paper consists of 18 questions. All questions are compulsory.
Section A contains question no. 1 which carries 20 objective type questions of one mark each.
Section B contains question numbers 2 to 8 which carry 2 marks each.
Section C contains question numbers 9 to 15 which carry 3 marks each.
Section D contains question numbers 16 to 18 which carry 5 marks each.

Section- A (1 Mark Questions)

Q1. Objective Type Questions

1. What happens to the capacitance when a dielectric material is inserted between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor? (a) Capacitance decreases (b) Capacitance remains same (c) Capacitance increases (d) Depends upon the material of the dielectric
2. What is the total work done on moving a test charge on an equipotential surface? (a) Maximum (b) Minimum (c) Constant (d) Zero
3. Linear magnification of the plane mirror is (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) Infinity (d) none of the above
4. Sparkling of the diamond is due to the phenomenon (a) Reflection of the light (b) Refraction of the light (c) Dispersion of the light (d) Total internal reflection
5. Predict the effect of temperature of the conductor on the drift velocity of electrons. (a) Drift velocity varies linearly with temperature (b) Drift velocity does not depend on the temperature (c) Drift velocity increases with increasing temperature (d) Drift velocity decreases with increasing temperature
6. Which instrument is used as the null detector in the wheatstone bridge? (a) Voltmeter (b) Ammeter (c) Galvanometer (d) Multimeter
7. Give the SI unit of the magnetic field. (a) Ampere (b) Tesla (c) Oersted (d) Weber
8. Splitting of white light into seven colours after passing through the glass prism is called (a) Interference of light (b) Diffraction of light (c) Reflection of light (d) Dispersion of light
9. How is a galvanometer converted into an ammeter? (a) By connecting a high resistance shunt in parallel to the galvanometer (b) By connecting a low resistance shunt in parallel to the galvanometer (c) By connecting a high resistance shunt in series with the galvanometer (d) By connecting a low resistance shunt in series with the galvanometer
10. Which among the following has a relative permeability much larger than 1? (a) Diamagnetic materials (b) Ferromagnetic materials (c) Paramagnetic materials (d) Ferrimagnetic materials
11. A point source having the wavefront (a) Cylindrical in shape (b) Spherical in shape (c) Plane in shape (d) None of the above
12. A train is moving from north to south direction. What is the direction of current induced in the axle joining any two opposite wheels? (a) east to west (b) west to east (c) either 'a' or 'b' (d) no current is induced
13. Direction of em wave is given by (a) Resolution vector (b) Right hand thumb rule (c) Fleming Left hand Rule (d) Poynting Vector
14. Kinetic energy of the photoelectrons varies with intensity of photons as (a) Directly proportional (b) Inversely proportional (c) Remains constant (d) None of the above
15. At 0K temperature, semiconductor behaves as (a) conductor (b) insulator (c) superconductor (d) diode

True / False

1. Isotones are the atoms having the same number of neutrons.
2. Dispersive power of prism depends on the angle of prism.
3. p-type semiconductor is positively charged in nature.
4. The lowest Bohr orbit in Hydrogen atom has the least energy.
5. Photoelectric effect implies the particle nature of the light.

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Section- B (2 Marks Questions)

2. Draw equipotential surface due to (a) q < 0 (b) q > 0
   Or
   A potential difference of 50 volt is applied across the two plates 2 mm apart; calculate the magnitude of the electric field intensity between the plates.
3. Draw magnetic field line pattern of a current carrying solenoid.
4. What are ohmic and non-ohmic elements? Give 1 example of each.
   Or
   P, Q, R and S are 4 resistance wires of resistances 2, 2, 2 and 3 ohms respectively. Find out the resistance with which S must be shunted in order that bridge may be balanced.
5. Write Bohr’s postulates for atomic model.
6. State Einstein photoelectric laws.
   Or
   Find De-Broglie wavelength associated with the electron having cut off potential 25 V.
7. State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction.
8. Write any four properties of electromagnetic wave.

Section- C (3 Marks Questions)

9. Define electric field intensity and find expression for electric field intensity on the axial line of an electric dipole.
10. What is drift velocity? Derive a relation between drift velocity and electric current.
11. Draw circuit diagram and waveform of full wave rectifier.
12. State Huygens’ principles and prove law of reflection using wave theory.
    Or
    Refractive index of glass wrt air is 3/2 and refractive index of water wrt air is 4/3, then find refractive index of glass wrt water.
13. What is Shunt? By using it how will you convert a galvanometer into ammeter? Also find the value of shunt.
    Or
    Calculate the earth’s magnetic field at a place where angle of dip is 60° and horizontal component of earth magnetic field is 0.3 G.
14. Explain the hydrogen line spectrum with diagram.
15. Derive an expression for mean value of alternating current.
    Or
    A series combination of a coil of inductance L and resistor of resistance 12 Ω is connected across a 12V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate L if the circuit current is 0.5 A.

Section- D (Comprehension Type Question)

16. Comprehension:
    

    An object that attracts metals, especially iron, is called a magnet. The area near the magnet where it has enough power to attract things is called its magnetic field. The farther away from the magnet an item is, the weaker the magnetic field is. When it is weak, it is less likely an object will become attracted to the magnet. Magnets can be either permanent or temporary. A permanent magnet stays magnetized for a long time. A temporary magnet loses its magnetism after only a short time. You can even turn something made out of iron into a temporary magnet by rubbing it against a permanent magnet. The more you rub, the stronger your temporary magnet gets. However, the effects will wear off over time. The two ends of the magnets are called magnetic poles. The poles are found at the ends of bar magnets and the tips of the horseshoe magnets. They are the strongest parts of the magnet. Each magnet has a north pole and a south pole. Opposite poles attract, or pull toward each other. Poles that are the same repel, or push away from each other. A north pole and a south pole will pull toward each other. Two north poles will push away from each other. The same happens with two south poles. When you hold magnets, you can actually feel the push and pull effects of magnetism. A special kind of temporary magnet uses electricity to create a magnetic field. It is called an electromagnet. An electromagnet can be an extremely strong magnet. However, it only acts like a magnet when it has electricity. A stronger electrical current will produce a stronger magnet. Unlike other magnets, an electromagnet can be controlled by a switch. When the switch turns the electrical current off the electromagnet loses its magnetism. Whatever the electromagnetic was holding drops to the ground. We use this technology to operate large cranes that lift heavy metal objects, such as cars. Electromagnets are also used to make motors run in small appliances. Combining regular magnets and electromagnets makes it possible for electrical energy to be turned into energy of motion.

    1. Explain the difference between a temporary magnet and a permanent magnet.
    2. Would two north poles attract each other or push away from each other?
    3. What is different about an electromagnet?
    4. What do we use electromagnets for?
    5. What does attract mean when speaking about magnets?
17. Define capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor. Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with dielectric as the medium introduced between the plates.
    Or
    (a) Define electric flux. Write its SI units
    (b) Using gauss law prove that the electric field at a point due to uniformly charged infinite plane sheet is independent of the distance from it. How does this electric field change for a thick sheet of charge?
18. Define magnifying power of a telescope and find expression for it with ray diagram.
    Or
    Write sign conventions, assumptions and derive lens maker’s formula for convex lens.

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