P.S.E.B. 10+2 Chemistry Sample Paper for 2024-25

 

P.S.E.B. Sample Paper for 2024-25
Time: 3 Hours
Class: 12^th
Subject: Chemistry
Max. Marks: 70

Instructions:
Question 1 contains 20 parts of 1 mark each. Question 2 to 15 are of 2 marks each. Question 16 to 19 are of 3 marks each. Question 20 and 21 are of 5 marks each. All questions are compulsory.

Q1. Choose the correct answer

(i) An unripe mango placed in a concentrated salt solution to prepare pickle, shrivels because-
a. It gains water due to osmosis.
b. It loses water due to osmosis.
c. It gains water due to reverse osmosis.
d. It loses water due to reverse osmosis.

(ii) In comparison to a 0.01 M solution of glucose, the depression in freezing point of a 0.01 M MgCl₂ solution is?
a. The same
b. About twice
c. About three times
d. About six times

(iii) An Isotonic solution has-
a. Same boiling point
b. Same vapour pressure
c. Same melting point
d. Same osmotic pressure

(iv) What is the final oxidation state of manganese after the electrochemical reactions in a dry cell?
a. +4
b. +3
c. +2
d. +1

(v) If the unit of specific rate constant (k) for a certain gaseous reaction is atm^-2 s^-1, then the order of the reaction is-
a. Zero order
b. First order
c. Second order
d. Third order

(vi) The coordination number of platinum in [PtCl₂(C₅H₅N)(NH₃)] is-
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
(vii) The reaction of toluene with Cl₂ in the presence of FeCl₃ gives predominantly-
a. benzoyl chloride
b. benzyl chloride
c. m-chlorotoluene
d. o- and p-chlorotoluene

(viii) Which of the following is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reactions?
a. CH₃COCH₃
b. CH₃CHO
c. CH₃COC₂H₅
d. HCHO

(ix) Which of the following reagents cannot be used to distinguish between pentanal and 2-pentanone?
a. Tollen’s reagent
b. Fehling’s solution
c. Br₂ in CCl₄
d. I₂ in NaOH

(x) Which of these is most acidic?
a. CF₃COOH
b. CCl₃COOH
c. CBr₃COOH
d. CH₃COOH

True/False

(xi) The compounds [Co Cl₂(NH₃)₄] NO₂ and [Co Cl (NO₂) (NH₃)₄] Cl show coordination isomerism.

(xii) The crystal field splitting Δ₀ depends on the field produced by the ligand and charge on the metal ion.

(xiii) The boiling points of ethers are higher than those of isomeric alcohols.

(xiv) Benzaldehyde cannot undergo Cannizzaro reaction.

(xv) The red-brown precipitate of Aldehydes with Fehling’s solution is due to the formation of Cu₂O.

Read the passage and answer the questions (xvi) to (xx)-

Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones or those compounds which on hydrolysis give such compounds are also carbohydrates. The carbohydrates which are not hydrolysed are called monosaccharides. Monosaccharides with aldehydic groups are called Aldoses and those with free ketonic groups are called Ketoses. Carbohydrates are optically active. Number of optical isomers = 2ⁿ, where n = number of asymmetric carbons. Carbohydrates are mainly synthesized by plants during photosynthesis. The monosaccharides exist in the form of cyclic structures. In cyclization, the -OH group combines with the aldehydic or ketonic group. As a result, cyclic structures of five or six membered rings containing one oxygen are formed e.g. Glucose, Fructose, Galactose.

(xvi) What are carbohydrates?

(xvii) What are Aldoses?

(xviii) Define Monosaccharides.

(xix) Name a monosaccharide.

(xx) Glucose molecule has four asymmetric carbons. Find the total number of optical isomers in glucose.

2 Marks Questions

Q2. The boiling point of a solution containing 1.5g of dichlorobenzene in 100g of benzene was higher by 0.268 K. Calculate the molar mass of dichlorobenzene. (K_b for benzene is 2.62 degree/molal)

OR

Calculate the number of molecules of Oxalic acid (H₂C₂O₄.2H₂O) in 100 mL of 0.2 N oxalic acid solution.

Q3. Shazia removed the outer hard shells of two different eggs. She then placed one egg in pure water and the other egg in a saturated solution of sucrose. What change is she likely to observe in the eggs after few hours? Explain it. (1+1)

Q4. Conductivity of a 0.00241 M acetic acid is 7.896 x 10⁻⁵ cm²¹. Calculate its molar conductivity. If Λ° for acetic acid is 390.5 5 cm² mol¹, what is its degree of dissociation (α)?

Q5. Write down the functions of a salt bridge in an electrochemical cell.

Q6. The rate constant of a reaction at 500 K and 700 K are 0.02 s⁻¹ and 0.07 s⁻¹ respectively. Calculate the value of E_a (Activation energy).

OR

Consider the reaction: 4 NO₂ (g) + O₂ (g) → 2 N₂O₅ (g)

In an experiment, the rate of disappearance of O₂ is 0.24 mol L⁻¹ s⁻¹. Calculate (i) the rate of disappearance of NO₂ and (ii) the rate of formation of N₂O₅.

Q7. Define: (i) Half life of a reaction (ii) Pseudo first order reaction

Q8. Transition metals form alloys with other transition metals. Explain why?

Q9. Write down the IUPAC names of-

• (i) Na [PtBrCl(ONO)(NH₃)]
• (ii) [Ag(NH₃)₂] [Ag(CN)₂]

Q10. (i) Define coordination number

(ii) What is the hybridization and structure of [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻

Q11. How will you convert phenol to salicylaldehyde?

OR

Explain the mechanism of acidic dehydration of ethyl alcohol to form ethene.

Q12. Write down the following reactions-

• (i) Aldol condensation
• (ii) HVZ reaction

OR

Explain why carboxylic acids exist as associated molecules?

Q13. Alkylamines are more basic than ammonia. Explain why?

Q14. Write down the following reactions-

• (i) Carbylamine reaction
• (ii) Reaction between benzene diazonium chloride and phenol in basic medium

Q15. Differentiate between fibrous and globular proteins.

3 Marks Questions

Q16. Three electrolytic cells A, B and C containing electrolytes of zinc sulphate, silver nitrate and copper sulphate respectively were connected in series. A steady current of 1.5 amp was passed through them until 1.45 g of silver were deposited at the cathode of cell B.

• (i) How long did the current flow?
• (ii) What weight of copper and zinc get deposited?

(Atomic masses of Zinc, Silver and Copper respectively are 65.3 g, 108 g and 63.5 g)

OR

The emf of the cell Zn(s)/Zn²⁺(0.1 M)//Cd²⁺(M₁) /Cd(s) has been found to be 0.3305 V at 298 K. Calculate the value of M₁. Given that E° Zn²⁺/Zn = -0.76V and E° Cd²⁺/Cd = -0.40 V.

Q17. Starting from 100 g of a radioactive substance, 2.5 g was left after 5 years. If its radioactive decay follows first order kinetics, calculate-

• (i) Rate constant for the decay of the radioactive substance
• (ii) The amount of substance left after one year
• (iii) The time required for half of the substance to decay.

Q18. Complete the following reactions:

• (i) CH₃OH + I₂ + NaOH →
• (ii) CH₃CH₂OH → Al₂O₃, 523K
• (iii) C₂H₅ONa + C₂H₅Br → Δ

OR

What is Lucas reagent? Write down Lucas test for distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol.

Q19. (i) Lower aliphatic amines are soluble in water. Why?

(ii) Write down a test to distinguish between aromatic primary amines from aliphatic primary amines.

5 Marks Questions

Q20. (i) Which Element of 3d transition series has lowest enthalpy of atomisation and why?

(ii) Transition elements or their compounds act as catalysts. Explain why.

OR

(i) Define Lanthanoid contraction.

(ii) Why do Ce and Tb show +4 oxidation state?

(iii) Write down two similarities between Lanthanoids and Actinoids.

Q 21. (i) Write down the following reactions:

• a. Sandmeyer reaction
• b. Hoffmann ammonolysis reaction
• c. Wurtz Fittig reaction
• d. Finkelstein Reaction
• e. Friedel craft's Alkylation

OR

(i) Explain the mechanism of Substitution Nucleophilic bimolecular reactions of Haloalkanes with a suitable example.

(ii) Explain giving two reasons why Haloarenes are less reactive towards Nucleophilic substitution reactions than Haloalkanes.